The structure of rhythm and the question of uprising in Mahmoud Darwish's poem "O passers-by among fleeting words"

Abstract

The poets of the Palestinian cause are among the most prominent poetic voices in contemporary Arabic literature. They have skillfully employed their artistic and aesthetic tools to express the plight of an entire people facing existential challenges. Their poetry is distinguished by unique artistic characteristics, including: the intensive use of symbolism, an organic connection to reality, an epic tendency, a shift from traditional to modern styles, and the emergence of a voice of resistance and steadfastness. Among these prominent poets are Mahmoud Darwish, Samih al-Qasim, Tawfiq Ziad, Mu'in Bseiso, Ibrahim Touqan, Fadwa Touqan, and others who have shaped the conscience and consciousness of the Arab nation regarding the Palestinian cause.¹ In this context, Mahmoud Darwish's poem "O You Who Pass Between Fleeting Words" stands out as one of the most important poems associated with the First Palestinian Intifada, distinguished by a unique rhythm imbued with profound meaning. This raises a pivotal question: Did the rhythm in this poem succeed in revealing the spirit of the Intifada and embodying its turbulent currents? To what extent did the poet succeed in employing rhythmic elements, both phonetic and semantic, to express a pivotal moment of uprising in the history of the Palestinian people?