Impact of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitor on the Development and Progression of Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

Abstract

Background: Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, which improve heart and kidney health in those with diabetes, show hope for lowering the risk of AKI. Even so, it is still not clear how SA-AKI affects the timing or final health of patients. This case-control study aimed to see if SGLT2i therapy before diagnosis with SA-AKI influenced the occurrence of SA-AKI in critically ill patients with sepsis.
Methods: In all, 664 patients were studied, with 361 having SA-AKI and 303 diagnosed with sepsis syndromes.
Results: Among those enrolled, SGLT2i had a significant and elevated effect on the risk of SA-AKI, with an HR of 10.812 (95% CI: 7.535–15.516, p < 0.001). After checking for other risk factors in a statistical model, giving SGLT2i treatment was still linked to SA-AKI (HR = 6.311, 95% CI: 4.388–9.076, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Overall, the study found that patients who had used SGLT2i before might be more likely to experience SA-AKI if they also had sepsis syndromes.
Trial Registration: The Clinicaltrials.gov number for this trial is NCT06902493.